restore default values

pvp, pvc, cvc

.github/workflows/cd.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+name: Arduino Pong CD
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+jobs:
+  release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Arduino CLI
+        run: |
+          curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | sh
+          echo "./bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+
+      - name: Install Board Core and Libs
+        run: |
+          arduino-cli core update-index
+          arduino-cli core install arduino:renesas_uno
+
+      - name: Build Binary
+        run: make compile
+
+      - name: Create Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          files: |
+            build/*.bin
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: Arduino Pong CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+    paths:
+      - 'arduino_pong.ino'
+      - 'Makefile'
+      - '.github/workflows/ci.yml'
+      - 'src/*.cpp'
+      - 'src/*.h'
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
+
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+
+      - name: Setup Arduino CLI
+        #uses: arduino/setup-arduino-cli@v2
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | sh
+          echo "./bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+
+      - name: Install UNO R4 Core
+        run: |
+          arduino-cli core update-index
+          arduino-cli core install arduino:renesas_uno
+          
+      - name: Compile Sketch (via Makefile)
+        shell: bash
+        run: make prepare_and_compile

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+.secrets
+.arduino_cache/
+bin/
+build/

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+PORT ?= /dev/ttyACM0
+BOARD = arduino:renesas_uno:unor4wifi
+SKETCH = arduino_pong.ino
+CACHE_DIR = $(shell pwd)/.arduino_cache
+BIN_DIR = $(shell pwd)/bin
+CLI = $(BIN_DIR)/arduino-cli --config-file $(CACHE_DIR)/arduino-cli.yaml
+
+YELLOW := \033[0;33m
+GREEN  := \033[0;32m
+CLEAR  := \033[0m
+
+prepare:
+	@mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(CACHE_DIR)
+	@if [ ! -f $(BIN_DIR)/arduino-cli ]; then \
+		echo -e "📥 $(YELLOW)Downloading arduino-cli...$(CLEAR)"; \
+		curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=$(BIN_DIR) sh; \
+	fi
+	@if [ ! -f $(CACHE_DIR)/arduino-cli.yaml ]; then \
+		echo -e "⚙️ $(YELLOW)Initializing local config...$(CLEAR)"; \
+		$(CLI) config init --dest-dir $(CACHE_DIR); \
+		$(CLI) config set directories.data $(CACHE_DIR)/data; \
+		$(CLI) config set directories.downloads $(CACHE_DIR)/downloads; \
+		$(CLI) config set directories.user $(CACHE_DIR)/user; \
+	fi
+	@if ! $(CLI) core list | grep -q "arduino:renesas_uno"; then \
+		echo -e "$(YELLOW)📥 Installing board core...$(CLEAR)"; \
+		$(CLI) core update-index; \
+		$(CLI) core install arduino:renesas_uno; \
+	fi
+
+compile:
+	@mkdir -p build
+	@echo -e "$(GREEN)🛠️  Compiling $(SKETCH)...$(CLEAR)"
+	@$(CLI) compile -b $(BOARD) --output-dir build $(SKETCH)
+
+clean:
+	@echo -e "$(GREEN)🛠️  Removing build files...$(CLEAR)"
+	@rm -rf build/
+
+prepare_and_compile:
+	make prepare --no-print-directory
+	make compile --no-print-directory
+
+upload:
+	@echo -e "$(GREEN)🚀  Uploading $(SKETCH)...$(CLEAR)"
+	@$(CLI) upload -b $(BOARD) -p $(PORT)
+
+upload_verbose:
+	@echo -e "$(GREEN)🚀  Uploading (Verbose) $(SKETCH)...$(CLEAR)"
+	@$(CLI) upload -b $(BOARD) -p $(PORT) -v
+
+monitor:
+	@$(CLI) monitor -p $(PORT)
+
+run:
+	make compile --no-print-directory
+	make upload --no-print-directory
+	make monitor --no-print-directory
+
+run_init:
+	make prepare --no-print-directory
+	make run --no-print-directory

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,68 @@
-# arduino_pong
+# 🏓 Arduino UNO R4 WiFi Pong
 
-Play Pong on Arduino UNO R4 WiFi LED Matrix
+A classic implementation of the Pong game developed specifically for the Arduino UNO R4 WiFi, utilizing its built-in 12×8 LED matrix as the game screen.
+
+[![Arduino Pong CI](https://github.com/Dea1993/arduino_pong/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/Dea1993/arduino_pong/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
+[![Arduino Pong CD](https://github.com/Dea1993/arduino_pong/actions/workflows/cd.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/Dea1993/arduino_pong/actions/workflows/cd.yml)
+[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-GPLv3-blue.svg)](LICENSE)
+
+# 📹 Preview
+
+![Pong](assets/preview.png)
+
+Youtube: https://youtu.be/ouLBTDjpKqc
+
+# 📝 Description
+
+This project transforms your Arduino board into a minimalist handheld console. By leveraging the Arduino_LED_Matrix library, the game manages ball physics, collision detection with walls and paddles, and a scoring system displayed via the Serial Monitor.
+
+Key Features:
+
+- Integrated Display: No external modules required; it uses the native 12×8 LED matrix.
+- Local Multiplayer: Two-player support using 4 external pushbuttons.
+- Dynamic Difficulty: The ball speed periodically increases to keep the gameplay challenging.
+- Real-time Scoring: Points are tracked and sent via Serial (9600 baud).
+
+# 🛠️ Hardware Requirements
+
+- Board: Arduino UNO R4 WiFi.
+- Buttons: 4x Momentary Pushbuttons.
+- Resistors: Not required (uses internal INPUT_PULLUP).
+- Breadboard & Jumper wires.
+
+# 🖮 Pinout Configuration
+
+Component	Arduino Pin	Function
+
+- P1 Button Up	D13	Moves Left Paddle Up
+- P1 Button Down	D12	Moves Left Paddle Down
+- P2 Button Up	D11	Moves Right Paddle Up
+- P2 Button Down	D10	Moves Right Paddle Down
+- Common GND	GND	Ground for all buttons
+
+# 🕹️ Game Logic
+
+- Bouncing: When the ball hits a paddle, the X direction is reversed and the hits counter increases.
+- Speed Scaling: Every 6 successful hits (hits >= 6), the loop_delay decreases by 20ms, speeding up the action until a minimum limit of 80ms is reached.
+- Scoring: If a player misses the ball, the opponent scores a point. The ball then resets to the center with a randomized direction.
+
+# 🛠️ Development
+
+This project includes a `Makefile` to automate the workflow using `arduino-cli`.
+
+### Prerequisites
+* [Arduino CLI](https://arduino.github.io/arduino-cli/latest/) installed.
+* Arduino UNO R4 core installed: 
+  `arduino-cli core install arduino:renesas_uno`
+
+### Commands
+| Command | Description |
+| :--- | :--- |
+| `make prepare` | Downloads arduino-cli locally and installs the UNO R4 core. |
+| `make compile` | Compiles the sketch without uploading. |
+| `make upload` | Uploads the compiled binary to `/dev/ttyACM0`. |
+| `make monitor` | Opens the Serial Monitor. |
+| `make run` | Full cycle: Compile + Upload + Monitor. |
+| `make run_init` | Full first-time setup: Prepare env + Compile + Upload + Monitor. |
+
+> **Note:** If your board is on a different port, edit the `Makefile` or override it: `make upload PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0`.

arduino_pong.ino

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#include "Arduino_LED_Matrix.h"
+
+#include "src/config.h"
+#include "src/menu.h"
+#include "src/renderer.h"
+#include "src/engine.h"
+#include "src/paddle.h"
+#include "src/ball.h"
+
+
+// initial pong frame matrix
+byte frame[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+ArduinoLEDMatrix matrix;
+
+bool need_refresh= true;
+uint8_t hits= 0;
+long exec_t2= millis();
+
+enum game_statuses : uint8_t {
+  MENU,
+  MENU_BOT_SKILLS,
+  TIMER,
+  RUN,
+  SCORE,
+  GAMEOVER,
+  WAIT,
+};
+game_statuses game_status= MENU;
+
+
+Ball ball(4, 6);
+
+Paddle* p1= nullptr;
+Paddle* p2= nullptr;
+HumanPaddle human_pad1(1, P1_BTN_UP, P1_BTN_BOTTOM);
+HumanPaddle human_pad2(4, P2_BTN_UP, P2_BTN_BOTTOM);
+BotPaddle bot_pad1(1, 0);
+BotPaddle bot_pad2(4, MATRIX_WIDTH-1);
+Menu menu;
+
+// uint8_t current_gmode_idx= 0;
+// bool update_menu= true;
+// bool mode_selected= false;
+// uint8_t current_bot_menu_idx= 0;
+// bool update_menu_bot_skills= true;
+
+Engine engine(ball, INITIAL_BALL_DELAY);
+Renderer renderer(ball, frame, matrix);
+
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  // start LED matrix
+  matrix.begin();
+
+  pinMode(P1_BTN_UP, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  pinMode(P1_BTN_BOTTOM, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  pinMode(P2_BTN_UP, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  pinMode(P2_BTN_BOTTOM, INPUT_PULLUP);
+
+  randomSeed(millis());
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  long exec_t1= millis();
+
+  switch (game_status) {
+
+    case MENU: {
+      // switch modes
+      if (digitalRead(P2_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW) {
+        menu.next_mode();
+        const byte (*current_gmode)[12]= frame_gmodes[menu.get_mode()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_gmode, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+        delay(300);
+      }
+      else if (digitalRead(P2_BTN_UP) == LOW) {
+        menu.prev_mode();
+        const byte (*current_gmode)[12]= frame_gmodes[menu.get_mode()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_gmode, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+        delay(300);
+      }
+
+      // 1. P vs P
+      else if (digitalRead(P1_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P1_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW && menu.number_of_bots() == 0) {
+        p1= &human_pad1;
+        p2= &human_pad2;
+        engine.set_players(p1, p2);
+        renderer.set_players(p1, p2);
+        game_status= TIMER;
+      }
+      // 2. P vs CPU
+      else if (digitalRead(P1_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P1_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW && menu.number_of_bots() == 1) {
+        p1= &human_pad1;
+        p2= &bot_pad2;
+        engine.set_players(p1, p2);
+        renderer.set_players(p1, p2);
+        game_status= MENU_BOT_SKILLS;
+        delay(300); // avoid accidental double click for next menu
+      }
+      // 3. CPU vs CPU
+      else if (digitalRead(P1_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P1_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW && menu.number_of_bots() == 2) {
+        p1= &bot_pad1;
+        p2= &bot_pad2;
+        engine.set_players(p1, p2);
+        renderer.set_players(p1, p2);
+        game_status= MENU_BOT_SKILLS;
+        delay(300); // avoid accidental double click for next menu
+      }
+
+      else {
+        const byte (*current_gmode)[12]= frame_gmodes[menu.get_mode()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_gmode, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+      }
+
+      break;
+    }
+
+    case MENU_BOT_SKILLS: {
+      // switch difficulty level
+      if (digitalRead(P2_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW) {
+        menu.increase_skills();
+        const byte (*current_skill_frame)[12]= frame_bot_skills[menu.get_skill()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_skill_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+        delay(300);
+      }
+      else if (digitalRead(P2_BTN_UP) == LOW) {
+        menu.decrease_skills();
+        const byte (*current_skill_frame)[12]= frame_bot_skills[menu.get_skill()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_skill_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+        delay(300);
+      }
+
+      // choose difficulty level
+      else if (digitalRead(P1_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P1_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW) {
+        if (!p1 -> is_human()) p1 -> set_skills(menu.get_skill() + 1);
+        if (!p2 -> is_human()) p2 -> set_skills(menu.get_skill() + 1);
+        game_status= TIMER;
+      }
+
+      else {
+        const byte (*current_skill_frame)[12]= frame_bot_skills[menu.get_skill()];
+        matrix.loadPixels((uint8_t*)current_skill_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT * MATRIX_WIDTH);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
+    case TIMER:
+      for (int i = START_TIMER; i >= 0; i--) {
+        renderer.render_timer(i);
+        delay(1000);
+      }
+      game_status= RUN;
+      // delay the first ball movement
+      exec_t2= millis() + FIRST_START_BALL_DELAY;
+      break;
+
+    case RUN:
+      need_refresh= engine.control_players();
+
+      if (exec_t1 - exec_t2 > engine.ball_movement_delay()) {
+        engine.run();
+        if (engine.get_event() == P1SCORE || engine.get_event() == P2SCORE)
+          game_status= SCORE;
+        exec_t2= exec_t1;
+        need_refresh= true;
+      }
+      // rerender matrix only if something is changed
+      if (need_refresh) {
+        renderer.render_matrix();
+        need_refresh= false;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case SCORE:
+      delay(300);
+      renderer.render_score();
+      engine.restart_ball();
+      delay(1000);
+      if (p1 -> get_score() >= MAX_POINTS || p2 -> get_score() >= MAX_POINTS)
+        game_status= GAMEOVER;
+      else {
+        game_status= RUN;
+        // before move again the ball wait a second
+        renderer.render_matrix();
+        exec_t2= millis() + FIRST_START_BALL_DELAY;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case GAMEOVER:
+      renderer.render_winner();
+      game_status= WAIT;
+      break;
+
+    case WAIT:
+      // keep showing the winner waiting for a restart
+      // restart game once one button is pressed
+      if (digitalRead(P1_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P1_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW || 
+          digitalRead(P2_BTN_UP) == LOW || digitalRead(P2_BTN_BOTTOM) == LOW) {
+        engine.reset();
+        game_status= MENU;
+        delay(300);
+      }
+      break;
+  }
+  delay(50);
+}

src/ball.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "ball.h"
+
+void Ball::_init_directions(int8_t &_direction) {
+  if (random(2) == 0) _direction= 1;
+  else _direction= -1;
+}
+
+void Ball::move() {
+  if (!_direction_x) this -> _init_directions(_direction_x);
+  if (!_direction_y) this -> _init_directions(_direction_y);
+
+  // if (_x < 0 || _x > MATRIX_WIDTH-1 || _y < 0 || _y > MATRIX_HEIGHT-1) {
+  //   this -> reset_position();
+  // }
+
+  if (_x + _direction_x >= 0 && _x + _direction_x < MATRIX_WIDTH)
+    _x+= _direction_x;
+  if (_y + _direction_y >= 0 && _y + _direction_y < MATRIX_HEIGHT)
+    _y+= _direction_y;
+}
+
+void Ball::bounce_on_pad() {
+  _direction_x *= -1;
+}
+
+void Ball::bounce_on_sides() {
+  _direction_y *= -1;
+}
+
+int8_t Ball::get_direction_x() {
+  return _direction_x;
+}
+int8_t Ball::get_direction_y() {
+  return _direction_y;
+}
+
+void Ball::reset_position () {
+  _x= BALL_RESET_X;
+  int8_t delta= random(3);
+  if (random(2) == 0) delta *= -1;
+  _y= BALL_RESET_Y + delta;
+  this -> _init_directions(_direction_x);
+  this -> _init_directions(_direction_y);
+}
+
+uint8_t Ball::get_x() {
+  return _x;
+}
+
+uint8_t Ball::get_y() {
+  return _y;
+}

src/ball.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef BALL_H
+#define BALL_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "config.h"
+
+class Ball {
+  private:
+    uint8_t _x, _y;
+    int8_t _direction_x, _direction_y;
+
+    void _init_directions(int8_t &_direction);
+
+  public:
+    Ball (uint8_t _x, uint8_t _y) : _x(_x), _y(_y) {}
+
+    void move();
+    void bounce_on_pad();
+    void bounce_on_sides();
+    int8_t get_direction_x();
+    int8_t get_direction_y();
+    void reset_position ();
+    uint8_t get_x();
+    uint8_t get_y();
+};
+
+#endif

src/config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#define P1_BTN_UP 12
+#define P1_BTN_BOTTOM 11
+#define P2_BTN_UP 10
+#define P2_BTN_BOTTOM 9
+
+#define MATRIX_WIDTH 12
+#define MATRIX_HEIGHT 8
+#define BALL_RESET_X (MATRIX_WIDTH / 2)
+#define BALL_RESET_Y (MATRIX_HEIGHT / 2)
+#define PADDLE_LENGTH 3
+#define INITIAL_BALL_DELAY 200
+
+#define MAX_POINTS 9
+#define START_TIMER 3
+#define FIRST_START_BALL_DELAY 500

src/engine.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#include "engine.h"
+
+bool Engine::_check_pad_ball_collision(Paddle *p) {
+  uint8_t ppos= p -> get_position();
+  for (int p= ppos; p < ppos + PADDLE_LENGTH; p++) {
+    if (_ball.get_y() == p) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void Engine::run() {
+  // if (_event == P1SCORE || _event == P2SCORE) this -> _soft_reset();
+
+  _event= NONE;
+  _ball.move();
+  uint8_t bx= _ball.get_x();
+  uint8_t by= _ball.get_y();
+  int8_t ball_dir= _ball.get_direction_x(); 
+  // pad is 1 pixel far from the edge, so i need to calc this delta
+  // check also if the ball is already moving away, to skip useless checks
+  if (bx <= 1 && ball_dir < 0) {
+    // score the point only if ball reached the edge
+    if (this -> _check_pad_ball_collision(_p1) && bx <= 1) {
+      _ball.bounce_on_pad();
+      _event= P1_COLLISION;
+      _hits++;
+    }
+    else if (bx <= 0) {
+      // p2 scores
+      _p2 -> increase_score();
+      _event= P2SCORE;
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  else if (bx >= MATRIX_WIDTH-2 && ball_dir > 0) {
+    // score the point only if ball reached the edge
+    if (this -> _check_pad_ball_collision(_p2) && bx >= MATRIX_WIDTH-2) {
+      _ball.bounce_on_pad();
+      _event= P2_COLLISION;
+      _hits++;
+    }
+    else if (bx >= MATRIX_WIDTH-1) {
+      // p1 scores
+      _p1 -> increase_score();
+      _event= P1SCORE;
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  
+  if (by == 0 || by == MATRIX_HEIGHT-1) {
+    _ball.bounce_on_sides();
+    _event= WALL_COLLISION;
+  }
+
+  if (_hits >= 6 && _ball_mv_delay >= 80) {
+    _hits= 0;
+    _ball_mv_delay -= 20;
+  }
+}
+
+void Engine::set_players(Paddle *p1, Paddle *p2) {
+  _p1= p1;
+  _p2= p2;
+}
+
+bool Engine::control_players() {
+  bool need_refresh= false;
+
+  if (_p1 -> is_human()) need_refresh |= _p1 -> check_pad_movement();
+  else need_refresh |= _p1 -> check_pad_movement(_ball);
+  if (_p2 -> is_human()) need_refresh |= _p2 -> check_pad_movement();
+  else need_refresh |= _p2 -> check_pad_movement(_ball);
+  return need_refresh;
+}
+
+uint8_t Engine::ball_movement_delay() {
+  return _ball_mv_delay;
+}
+
+
+EngineEvents Engine::get_event() {
+  return _event;
+}
+
+void Engine::restart_ball() {
+  _ball.reset_position();
+  _ball_mv_delay= INITIAL_BALL_DELAY;
+}
+
+void Engine::reset() {
+  this -> restart_ball();
+  _p1 -> reset();
+  _p2 -> reset();
+}

src/engine.h

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef ENGINE_H
+#define ENGINE_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "ball.h"
+#include "paddle.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+enum EngineEvents : uint8_t {NONE, P1SCORE, P2SCORE, P1_COLLISION, P2_COLLISION, WALL_COLLISION};
+
+class Engine {
+
+  private:
+    Paddle* _p1;
+    Paddle* _p2;
+    Ball& _ball;
+    EngineEvents _event= NONE;
+    uint8_t _ball_mv_delay;
+    uint8_t _hits = 0;
+
+    bool _check_pad_ball_collision(Paddle *p);
+
+  public:
+    // inizialize Engine constructor, linking all args with private args
+    Engine(Ball &ball, uint8_t ball_mv_delay)
+        : _ball(ball), _ball_mv_delay(ball_mv_delay) {}
+
+    void run();
+    void set_players(Paddle *p_one, Paddle *p_two);
+    bool control_players();
+    uint8_t ball_movement_delay();
+    EngineEvents get_event();
+    void restart_ball();
+    void reset();
+};
+
+#endif

src/font.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+#include "font.h";
+
+const uint32_t pone_wins[5][4] = {
+	{
+		0x78,
+		0xc4847844,
+		0x440e000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0x11,
+		0x1101501,
+		0x501f0000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0xe,
+		0x400400,
+		0x400e0000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0x9,
+		0xd00b00,
+		0x90090000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0xf,
+		0x800f00,
+		0x100f0000,
+		500
+	}
+};
+const uint32_t ptwo_wins[5][4] = {
+	{
+		0x79,
+		0xe48279e4,
+		0x1041e000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0x11,
+		0x1101501,
+		0x501f0000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0xe,
+		0x400400,
+		0x400e0000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0x9,
+		0xd00b00,
+		0x90090000,
+		500
+	},
+	{
+		0xf,
+		0x800f00,
+		0x100f0000,
+		500
+	}
+};
+
+const byte font_pong[10][8][3] = {
+  // Number 0
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 1
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 0 },
+    { 0, 1, 0 },
+    { 0, 1, 0 },
+    { 0, 1, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 2
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 3
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 4
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 5
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 6
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 7
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 8
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+  // Number 9
+  {
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 1, 0, 1 },
+    { 1, 1, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 1 },
+    { 0, 0, 0 }
+  },
+};
+
+const byte frame_pvp[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+const byte frame_pvc[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+const byte frame_cvc[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+const byte (*frame_gmodes[3])[12]= {frame_pvp, frame_pvc, frame_cvc};
+
+const byte frame_bot_skill_easy[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+const byte frame_bot_skill_hard[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH] = {
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+  { 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 },
+  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
+};
+
+const byte (*frame_bot_skills[3])[12]= {frame_bot_skill_easy, frame_bot_skill_hard};

src/font.h

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef FONT_H
+#define FONT_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "config.h"
+
+extern const uint32_t pone_wins[5][4];
+extern const uint32_t ptwo_wins[5][4];
+extern const byte font_pong[10][8][3];
+
+extern const byte frame_pvp[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+extern const byte frame_pvc[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+extern const byte frame_cvc[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+extern const byte (*frame_gmodes[3])[12];
+
+extern const byte frame_bot_skill_easy[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+extern const byte frame_bot_skill_hard[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+extern const byte (*frame_bot_skills[3])[12];
+
+#endif

src/menu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include "menu.h"
+
+void Menu::next_mode() {
+  if (_game_mode < _game_modes(COUNT_MODES) - 1)
+    _game_mode= _game_modes(_game_mode+1);
+}
+
+void Menu::prev_mode() {
+  if (_game_mode > 0) {
+    _game_mode= _game_modes(_game_mode-1);
+  }
+}
+
+uint8_t Menu::get_mode() {
+  return _game_mode;
+}
+
+uint8_t Menu::number_of_bots() {
+  if (_game_mode == PVC) return 1;
+  else if (_game_mode == CVC) return 2;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void Menu::increase_skills() {
+  if (_bot_skill < _bot_skill_levels(COUNT_SKILLS) - 1)
+    _bot_skill= _bot_skill_levels(_bot_skill+1);
+}
+
+void Menu::decrease_skills() {
+  if (_bot_skill > 0) {
+    _bot_skill= _bot_skill_levels(_bot_skill-1);
+  }
+}
+
+uint8_t Menu::get_skill() {
+  return _bot_skill;
+}
+
+void Menu::reset_menu() {
+  _game_mode= PVP;
+  _bot_skill= EASY;
+}

src/menu.h

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#ifndef MENU_H
+#define MENU_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "font.h"
+
+class Menu {
+
+  private:
+    enum _game_modes : uint8_t {PVP, PVC, CVC, COUNT_MODES};
+    _game_modes _game_mode = PVP;
+    enum _bot_skill_levels : uint8_t {EASY, HARD, COUNT_SKILLS};
+    _bot_skill_levels _bot_skill = EASY;
+
+  public:
+    void next_mode();
+    void prev_mode();
+    uint8_t get_mode();
+    uint8_t number_of_bots();
+    void increase_skills();
+    void decrease_skills();
+    uint8_t get_skill();
+    void reset_menu();
+};
+
+#endif

src/paddle.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#include "paddle.h"
+#include <cstdio>
+
+void Paddle::move_pad_up() {
+  if (_pos_y > 0) {
+    _pos_y -= 1;
+  }
+}
+void Paddle::move_pad_down() {
+  if (_pos_y + _height < MATRIX_HEIGHT) {
+    _pos_y += 1;
+  }
+}
+
+void run_paddle() {
+}
+
+uint8_t Paddle::get_position() {
+  return _pos_y;
+}
+
+bool Paddle::is_human() {
+  return _human;
+}
+
+void Paddle::increase_score() {
+  if (_score <= 9) _score += 1;
+}
+
+uint8_t Paddle::get_score() {
+  return _score;
+}
+
+void Paddle::reset() {
+  _score= 0;
+}
+
+bool Paddle::check_pad_movement() {
+  // redefine me
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool Paddle::check_pad_movement(Ball &ball) {
+  // redefine me
+  return false;
+}
+
+uint8_t Paddle::get_skills() {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void Paddle::set_skills(uint8_t skills) {
+}
+
+bool HumanPaddle::check_pad_movement() {
+  bool need_refresh= false;
+  if (digitalRead(_pin_btn_top) == LOW) {
+    this -> move_pad_up();
+    need_refresh= true;
+  }
+  else if (digitalRead(_pin_btn_bottom) == LOW) {
+    this -> move_pad_down();
+    need_refresh= true;
+  }
+  return need_refresh;
+}
+
+bool BotPaddle::check_pad_movement(Ball &ball) {
+  uint8_t ball_y= ball.get_y();
+  int8_t ball_dir= ball.get_direction_x();
+  int8_t ball_dir_ver= ball.get_direction_y();
+
+  uint8_t skills= this -> get_skills();
+
+  // ball is moving left and pad is on right, do not move
+  if (ball_dir < 0 && _pos_x > MATRIX_WIDTH / 2) return false;
+  // ball is moving right and pad is on left, do not move
+  else if (ball_dir > 0 && _pos_x < MATRIX_WIDTH / 2) return false;
+  
+  uint8_t ball_x= ball.get_x();
+  int8_t ball_distance= ball_x - _pos_x;
+  if (ball_distance < 0) ball_distance *= -1;
+  switch (skills) {
+    case 1:
+      if (ball_distance > 3) return false;
+      break;
+    case 2:
+      if (ball_distance > 4) return false;
+      break;
+  }
+
+  uint8_t move_chances= random(skills * 10) % 2;
+  if (!move_chances) return false;
+
+  enum Movement {NONE, UP, DOWN};
+  Movement _movment= NONE;
+  
+  for (uint8_t py= _pos_y; py < _pos_y+PADDLE_LENGTH-1; py++) {
+    if (_pos_y - ball_y >= 0 && ball_dir_ver < 0) {
+      _movment= UP;
+      break;
+    }
+    if (_pos_y - ball_y <= 0 && ball_dir_ver > 0) {
+      _movment= DOWN;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if (_movment == UP) {
+    this -> move_pad_up();
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (_movment == DOWN) {
+    this -> move_pad_down();
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+uint8_t BotPaddle::get_skills() {
+  return _skills;
+}
+
+void BotPaddle::set_skills(uint8_t skills) {
+  if (skills < 1) _skills= 1;
+  else if (skills > 2) _skills= 2;
+  else _skills= skills;
+}

src/paddle.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#ifndef PADDLE_H
+#define PADDLE_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include "config.h"
+#include "ball.h"
+
+class Paddle {
+
+  protected:
+    // define player coordinates
+    uint8_t _pos_y;
+    uint8_t _height= PADDLE_LENGTH;
+    uint8_t _score= 0;
+    bool _human;
+
+  public:
+    Paddle (uint8_t pos_y, bool human) : _pos_y(pos_y), _human(human) {}
+    void move_pad_up();
+    void move_pad_down();
+    uint8_t get_position();
+    bool is_human();
+    void increase_score();
+    uint8_t get_score();
+    void reset();
+    virtual bool check_pad_movement();
+    virtual bool check_pad_movement(Ball &ball);
+    virtual uint8_t get_skills();
+    virtual void set_skills(uint8_t skills);
+};
+
+class HumanPaddle : public Paddle {
+  private:
+    uint8_t _pin_btn_top;
+    uint8_t _pin_btn_bottom;
+  public:
+    HumanPaddle(uint8_t position, uint8_t pin_btn_top, uint8_t pin_btn_bottom) 
+              : Paddle(position, true), _pin_btn_top(pin_btn_top), _pin_btn_bottom(pin_btn_bottom) {}
+    bool check_pad_movement();
+};
+
+class BotPaddle : public Paddle {
+
+  private:
+    uint8_t _pos_x;
+    uint8_t _skills; // this is the difficulty level
+
+  public:
+    BotPaddle(uint8_t position, uint8_t pos_x) 
+              : Paddle(position, false), _pos_x(pos_x) {}
+    bool check_pad_movement(Ball &ball);
+    uint8_t get_skills();
+    void set_skills(uint8_t skills);
+};
+
+#endif

src/renderer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "renderer.h"
+
+
+void Renderer::_clear_matrix() {
+  for (int x=0; x < MATRIX_WIDTH; x++) {
+    for (int y=0; y < MATRIX_HEIGHT; y++) {
+      _frame[y][x]= 0;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Renderer::set_players(Paddle *p1, Paddle *p2) {
+  _p1= p1;
+  _p2= p2;
+}
+
+void Renderer::render_timer(uint8_t seconds) {
+  this -> _clear_matrix();
+
+  for (int h=0; h < 8; h++) {
+    for (int w=0; w < 3; w++) {
+      _frame[h][w+5]= font_pong[seconds][h][w];
+    }
+  }
+  _matrix.renderBitmap(_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT, MATRIX_WIDTH);
+}
+
+void Renderer::render_matrix() {
+  this -> _clear_matrix();
+  uint8_t p1pos= _p1 -> get_position();
+  uint8_t p2pos= _p2 -> get_position();
+  // players coords
+  for (int i= p1pos; i < p1pos+PADDLE_LENGTH; i++) {
+    _frame[i][0]= 1;
+  }
+  for (int i= p2pos; i < p2pos+PADDLE_LENGTH; i++) {
+    _frame[i][MATRIX_WIDTH-1]= 1;
+  }
+  
+  // ball coords
+  uint8_t bx= _ball.get_x();
+  uint8_t by= _ball.get_y();
+  _frame[by][bx]= 1;
+  _matrix.renderBitmap(_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT, MATRIX_WIDTH);
+}
+
+void Renderer::render_score() {
+  this -> _clear_matrix();
+  _frame[4][5]= 1;
+  _frame[4][6]= 1;
+
+  for (int h=0; h < 8; h++) {
+    for (int w=0; w < 3; w++) {
+      _frame[h][w+1]= font_pong[_p1 -> get_score()][h][w];
+    }
+  }
+  for (int h=0; h < 8; h++) {
+    for (int w=0; w < 3; w++) {
+      _frame[h][w+8]= font_pong[_p2 -> get_score()][h][w];
+    }
+  }
+  _matrix.renderBitmap(_frame, MATRIX_HEIGHT, MATRIX_WIDTH);
+}
+
+void Renderer::render_winner() {
+  this -> _clear_matrix();
+  // check winner 
+  if (_p1 -> get_score() > _p2 -> get_score())
+    _matrix.loadSequence(pone_wins);
+  else 
+    _matrix.loadSequence(ptwo_wins);
+  _matrix.play(true);
+}

src/renderer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef RENDERER_H
+#define RENDERER_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "Arduino_LED_Matrix.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "font.h"
+#include "paddle.h"
+#include "ball.h"
+
+class Renderer {
+
+  private:
+    // define player coordinates
+    Paddle* _p1;
+    Paddle* _p2;
+    Ball& _ball;
+    byte (&_frame)[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH];
+    ArduinoLEDMatrix& _matrix;
+
+    void _clear_matrix();
+
+  public:
+    Renderer (Ball &ball, byte (&frame)[MATRIX_HEIGHT][MATRIX_WIDTH], ArduinoLEDMatrix &matrix) 
+            : _ball(ball), _frame(frame), _matrix(matrix) {}
+
+    void set_players(Paddle *p1, Paddle *p2);
+    void render_timer(uint8_t seconds);
+    void render_matrix();
+    void render_score();
+    void render_winner();
+};
+
+#endif